Χημειοθεραπεία στον καρκίνο του μαστού: Τι πρέπει να γνωρίζετε
Chemotherapy is a key tool in the treatment of breast cancer, as it aims to destroy cancer cells that may have escaped from the original tumor and are circulating in the body. These cells can cause a relapse or metastasize to other organs. Chemotherapy can be administered either before surgery (neoadjuvant) or after surgery (adjuvant), depending on the characteristics of the disease and the strategic therapeutic approach.
Preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy?
Preoperative chemotherapy (neoadjuvant) aims to reduce tumor size and improve breast-conserving surgery, particularly in locally advanced cancers or aggressive subtypes.(such as triple-negative or HER2-positive breast cancer), its administration may offer significant advantages. However, based on current studies, the prognosis of the disease is the same whether chemotherapy is given before or after surgery [1].
How is chemotherapy administered?
Chemotherapy for breast cancer is administered intravenously, usually through special catheters (port-a-cath or PICC line), which are placed for reasons of comfort and safety throughout the treatment regimen.In some cases, treatment may include oral medications. Medications are often combined (2-3 different ones per regimen), aiming for maximum effectiveness.
How long does chemotherapy last?
The treatment is organized in cycles, with recovery intervals of 2-3 weeks between them. The total duration depends on the treatment protocol and ranges from 3 to 6 months. The choice of drugs is based on the biological characteristics of the tumor and the patient's general health profile.
What are the possible side effects?
The side effects of chemotherapy vary depending on the type and dosage of the drugs. Common side effects include:
- Hair loss and changes in nails
- Nausea, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal symptoms
- Weakness and fatigue
- Susceptibility to infections due to a decrease in white blood cells
Most side effects are temporary and resolve after the end of treatment. An important role in their management is played by supportive care and constant communication with the medical team.
Chemotherapy today: More targeted, more personalized
Modern chemotherapy for breast cancer is not “one size fits all.” Personalized medicine and tumor biomarkers allow for the selection of the appropriate regimen for each patient, guided by efficacy and improved quality of life.
Conclusion:
Chemotherapy is a critical treatment option for many women with breast cancer. Be informed, talk to your doctor, and remember that the right information is the first step to strength.
At www.breastaware.gr you will find reliable and scientifically documented information about all treatment options for breast cancer, with respect for the needs of every woman. Get informed, get empowered, stay informed.
Επιστημονικές πηγές και βιβλιογραφία:
- Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG).
Long-term outcomes for neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer: meta-analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials. The Lancet Oncology. 2018;19(1):27–39. - National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines.
Breast Cancer, Version 4.2025 – NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. - Cardoso F, et al. (ESMO Guidelines Committee).
Early breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Annals of Oncology. 2019;30(8):1194–1220. - Senkus E, Kyriakides S, Ohno S, et al.
Primary breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Annals of Oncology. 2015;26 (Suppl 5):v8–v30. - National Cancer Institute (U.S.)
Chemotherapy to Treat Breast Cancer.
